Slot Cap and Absolute Zero Recovery Margin
Orly is limited to 250,000 annual commercial aircraft movements by government decree — a cap that has been in place for environmental and noise-abatement reasons since the 1990s. Unlike CDG, which can absorb some disruption across four runways and a higher movement limit, Orly's constrained capacity means there are no spare slots available to accommodate flights that miss their scheduled departure window. Once a departure misses its allocated slot, there may be no available replacement slot for several hours — or the flight is pushed past the curfew and cancelled entirely.
This creates a uniquely unforgiving operational environment. At a normal airport, a 45-minute delay is absorbed and the flight departs slightly late. At Orly, a 45-minute delay can mean the airline loses its slot, the next available slot is 3 hours later, and the cascading effect pushes the evening schedule into the curfew zone.
Claim impact: Slot constraints are permanent, structural features of Orly that airlines knowingly accept when they choose to operate there. They are not extraordinary circumstances by any legal standard. Claims based on slot-related delays and the cascading effects of Orly's zero-margin system are typically very strong.
Terminal Renovation and Ongoing Construction Chaos
Orly has been undergoing a major terminal renovation programme since 2019, with the former Orly Sud and Orly Ouest terminals merged into a unified Orly 1-2-3-4 structure managed by Groupe ADP. This multi-year construction project creates passenger flow bottlenecks, temporary gate closures, extended walking distances between check-in and boarding gates, reduced apron capacity for aircraft parking, and ground handling inefficiencies as service vehicles navigate around construction zones.
The renovation has been ongoing for years and its effects on operations are thoroughly documented, anticipated, and factored into every airport planning document. No airline operating at Orly during this period can credibly claim they were unaware of the construction impacts.
Claim impact: Construction projects are planned years or even decades in advance. Airlines operating at Orly during the renovation period know exactly what constraints they face. Construction-related delays, missed connections due to extended walking times, and gate-change disruptions caused by temporary closures are all highly compensable. These are among the most clear-cut claim categories at Orly.
Low-Cost Carrier Turnaround Pressure
Transavia, easyJet, and Vueling operate the overwhelming majority of flights at Orly. These carriers typically schedule turnaround times of just 25 to 30 minutes — the time between an aircraft landing and departing again on its next flight. This aggressive scheduling leaves virtually no buffer for any disruption: a slow catering truck, late-arriving passengers, a minor technical check that takes 10 minutes longer than planned, or a delayed inbound flight all wipe out the turnaround margin instantly and delay the outbound service.
The mathematics of cascading delays at Orly are brutal. A single 30-minute delay on a Transavia aircraft's first rotation of the day cascades through every subsequent flight on that aircraft. By the third or fourth rotation in the afternoon, the accumulated delay can reach 2 to 4 hours. By evening, it may breach the curfew.
Claim impact: Ultra-tight turnaround scheduling is a deliberate business choice made by airlines to maximise aircraft utilisation and minimise costs. Airlines that choose to operate with minimal ground time at a slot-constrained, curfew-restricted airport with active construction knowingly accept the risk of cascading delays. These claims are among the strongest in all of EU261 litigation.
ATC Strikes Affecting All Paris Airports
French ATC strikes affect Orly just as severely as CDG. Both airports share the same approach and departure control sectors and are subject to the same DGAC-imposed flow restrictions during industrial action. During a national ATC strike day, Orly's limited slot count means proportionally fewer flights survive the mandatory capacity cuts — making the impact on individual passengers even more acute than at the larger CDG.
Claim impact: The same legal analysis and increasingly passenger-favourable French case law applies as for CDG. Given the frequency and predictability of French ATC strikes, many French courts no longer accept them as extraordinary circumstances.